BERKELEY, CA October 2, 2025 – The International Commission on the Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields (ICBE-EMF) announces the publication of its latest paper, "The WHO-Commissioned Systematic Reviews on Health Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation Provide No Assurance of Safety," in the journal Environmental Health. The paper critically examines the World Health Organization (WHO)-commissioned systematic reviews on the health effects of radiofrequency (RF) radiation, identifying significant flaws that undermine their conclusions regarding
safety.
RF radiation, a type of non-ionizing electromagnetic field (EMF), is emitted by ubiquitous wireless devices and telecommunications infrastructure, including cell phones, Wi-Fi routers, cell towers, and building-mounted antennas. While acknowledging the importance of the WHO's objective to evaluate the literature on RF radiation and adverse health effects, the ICBE-EMF paper asserts that methodological weaknesses and potential biases compromise the reliability of the published reviews.
Dr. John Frank, a
physician and epidemiologist at the University of Edinburgh, Professor Emeritus, University of Toronto, and ICBE-EMF Chairperson, stated, "We at ICBE-EMF find, based on our substantial, collective, multidisciplinary expertise in this field, that the WHO-commissioned systematic reviews are simply inadequate to conclude that wireless radiation is safe or that ICNIRP/FCC limits are reliable. Presenting these flawed reviews as evidence of safety for ICNIRP and the FCC's current exposure limits would
mislead the public.”
The ICBE-EMF is holding a press conference on October 7, 2025, at 9:00 AM Pacific to present the findings detailed in the publication.
Concerns Over Bias and Flawed Methodology
A central concern highlighted in the
ICBE-EMF paper is the extensive involvement of individuals affiliated with the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) in the production of these WHO-commissioned reviews. ICNIRP and the WHO’s EMF Program share a common origin and have historically maintained that thermal effects are the only established health risks of RF radiation exposure. Given that ICNIRP's recommended RF radiation exposure limits have been adopted by most countries for the past 30 years, the
ICBE-EMF is raising questions regarding potential bias in these reviews and the adequacy of current exposure limits for protecting public health.
Dr. Ron Melnick, past Chair of the ICBE-EMF, now Senior Advisor and former senior toxicologist at the National Toxicology Program and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), elaborated on their findings. "We began reviewing the WHO-commissioned assessments because of our
longstanding involvement in this research and the potential influence these reviews could have on future policy decisions," said Dr. Melnick. "We uncovered numerous flaws, including the exclusion of relevant studies, reliance on weak studies, inappropriate combining of studies with vastly different exposure conditions, and undisclosed biases among the authors."
Evidence of Harm and Need for Stronger
Protections
The ICBE-EMF paper specifically notes that the WHO-commissioned systematic reviews on cancer and reproductive effects in experimental animals indicated a high certainty of association between RF radiation exposure and increased incidences of heart schwannomas and reduced male fertility. Furthermore, these reviews provided quantitative data that, according to the ICBE-EMF, could and should be used to reduce exposure
limits and improve protection for humans.
Dr. Joel Moskowitz, Director of the Center for Family and Community Health at the University of California, Berkeley, further emphasized the analytical weaknesses. "Eleven of the twelve WHO-sponsored systematic reviews relied upon multiple quantitative analyses (meta-analyses) of primary studies on RF radiation health effects. In most instances, we found that these analyses had serious
methodological weaknesses that undermined interpretation of the results and invalidated the authors’ conclusions, which were based upon these results," stated Dr. Moskowitz.
The ICBE-EMF has previously published work demonstrating how scientific evidence over the past three decades invalidates many assumptions underlying ICNIRP's RF radiation exposure limits. With mounting scientific evidence and widespread, increasing population exposure to RF radiation, the ICBE-EMF stresses the urgent need to reduce exposures and strengthen safety limits, particularly for vulnerable populations such as pregnant individuals,
children, and those with chronic health conditions, including electromagnetic hypersensitivity.
The ICBE-EMF concludes that the WHO-commissioned systematic reviews do not provide proof of safety for cell phones or other wireless communication devices, nor do they justify the RF radiation exposure limits currently specified in ICNIRP’s guidelines. The organization calls for urgently needed, science-based public health guidelines that are
genuinely protective of human health and the environment.
